As the holiday season approaches, many of us start thinking about the centerpiece of our festive meals: the turkey. While most supermarkets carry large, commercial turkeys, some of us may be wondering: do they sell little turkeys? The answer is yes, and in this article, we’ll explore the world of heritage and small turkey breeds, where you can find these smaller, yet equally delicious, birds.
What are Heritage Turkeys?
Heritage turkeys are traditional breeds that were raised on small farms and homesteads before the advent of commercial turkey production. These breeds are prized for their unique characteristics, such as rich flavor, tender meat, and striking appearances. Heritage turkeys are often smaller than commercial turkeys, with weights ranging from 8 to 20 pounds.
Benefits of Heritage Turkeys
There are several benefits to choosing a heritage turkey over a commercial one:
- Unique flavor: Heritage turkeys have a more complex, gamey flavor profile that many people find more appealing than commercial turkeys.
- Tender meat: Heritage turkeys are often raised on pasture, which makes their meat more tender and juicy.
- Supporting small farms: By choosing a heritage turkey, you’re supporting small, local farms and helping to preserve traditional farming practices.
- Variety: Heritage turkeys come in a range of breeds, each with its own unique characteristics and appearance.
Small Turkey Breeds
If you’re looking for a smaller turkey, there are several breeds to choose from. Here are a few popular options:
Beltsville Small White
The Beltsville Small White is a heritage breed that originated in the 1930s. It’s known for its small size, with toms weighing around 16 pounds and hens weighing around 10 pounds. This breed is prized for its tender meat and rich flavor.
Midget White
The Midget White is another small heritage breed, with toms weighing around 13 pounds and hens weighing around 8 pounds. This breed is known for its friendly, docile nature and is often used in small-scale farming operations.
Jersey Giant
The Jersey Giant is a larger heritage breed, but it’s still smaller than many commercial turkeys. Toms weigh around 20 pounds, while hens weigh around 12 pounds. This breed is known for its rich, gamey flavor and is often used in high-end restaurants.
Where to Buy Little Turkeys
If you’re looking to buy a little turkey, there are several options to choose from:
Local Farms
One of the best places to find heritage turkeys is at local farms. Many small farms raise heritage breeds and sell them directly to consumers. You can find local farms in your area by searching online or checking with your local agricultural extension office.
Butcher Shops
Some butcher shops carry heritage turkeys, especially those that specialize in organic or grass-fed meats. You can also ask your local butcher if they can order a heritage turkey for you.
Online Retailers
There are several online retailers that sell heritage turkeys, including Amazon and ButcherBox. These retailers often partner with small farms to offer a range of heritage breeds.
How to Cook a Little Turkey
Cooking a little turkey is similar to cooking a larger turkey, but there are a few things to keep in mind:
- Use a smaller roasting pan: A smaller turkey will cook more quickly than a larger one, so make sure to use a smaller roasting pan to prevent the turkey from cooking too quickly.
- Adjust the cooking time: A little turkey will cook more quickly than a larger one, so make sure to adjust the cooking time accordingly. A good rule of thumb is to cook the turkey for 20 minutes per pound.
- Use a meat thermometer: A meat thermometer is essential for ensuring that your turkey is cooked to a safe internal temperature. The internal temperature should reach 165°F (74°C) in the thickest part of the breast and 180°F (82°C) in the thigh.
Conclusion
Little turkeys are a delicious and unique alternative to commercial turkeys. With their rich flavor, tender meat, and striking appearances, heritage turkeys are a great choice for anyone looking to add some excitement to their holiday meal. Whether you’re looking for a small turkey breed or a heritage turkey, there are many options to choose from. By supporting small farms and choosing a heritage turkey, you’re helping to preserve traditional farming practices and promote sustainable agriculture.
Additional Resources
If you’re interested in learning more about heritage turkeys and small turkey breeds, here are some additional resources:
- American Livestock Conservancy: The American Livestock Conservancy is a non-profit organization dedicated to preserving heritage breeds. They have a wealth of information on heritage turkeys and other livestock breeds.
- Local Harvest: Local Harvest is a website that allows you to find local farms and farmers’ markets in your area. They also have a directory of farms that raise heritage turkeys.
- The Turkey Federation: The Turkey Federation is a trade organization that represents the turkey industry. They have a wealth of information on turkey breeds, including heritage breeds.
What are heritage turkey breeds, and how do they differ from commercial breeds?
Heritage turkey breeds are traditional breeds that were raised on farms and homesteads before the commercial turkey industry became dominant. These breeds are prized for their unique characteristics, such as their rich flavors, tender meat, and vibrant plumage. Heritage breeds are often raised on small, family-owned farms or homesteads, where they are allowed to roam freely and forage for food. This approach to raising turkeys results in a more natural and diverse product compared to commercial breeds, which are often raised in large-scale industrial operations.
One of the main differences between heritage and commercial breeds is their growth rate. Heritage breeds take longer to mature, typically requiring 24-28 weeks to reach market weight, whereas commercial breeds can be ready in as little as 12-14 weeks. This slower growth rate allows heritage breeds to develop a more complex flavor profile and a better texture. Additionally, heritage breeds are often more disease-resistant and require fewer antibiotics and other chemicals, making them a popular choice for consumers looking for a more natural and sustainable product.
What are some popular small turkey breeds, and what are their characteristics?
Some popular small turkey breeds include the Midget White, the Beltsville Small White, and the Narragansett. The Midget White is a compact breed that weighs around 10-15 pounds and is known for its friendly and docile nature. The Beltsville Small White is another small breed that weighs around 12-18 pounds and is prized for its tender and flavorful meat. The Narragansett is a heritage breed that weighs around 15-20 pounds and is known for its rich, savory flavor and beautiful bronze plumage.
These small breeds are ideal for small farms, homesteads, or backyard flocks, as they require less space and feed than larger breeds. They are also a great choice for consumers who want to try a heritage breed but don’t need a large turkey. Small breeds are often more agile and active than larger breeds, making them well-suited for pasture-raised or free-range production systems. Additionally, small breeds are often more prolific layers, producing more eggs per year than larger breeds.
Where can I buy small or heritage turkeys, and what is the typical price range?
Small and heritage turkeys can be found at specialty butcher shops, farmers’ markets, and some high-end grocery stores. They can also be purchased directly from small farms or homesteads that raise these breeds. Some online retailers and mail-order companies also carry heritage and small turkey breeds. The price range for these turkeys can vary depending on the breed, size, and production methods, but consumers can expect to pay anywhere from $5 to $15 per pound.
It’s worth noting that heritage and small turkey breeds are often more expensive than commercial breeds due to the higher cost of production. However, many consumers feel that the unique characteristics and superior quality of these breeds make them well worth the extra cost. Additionally, buying directly from small farms or homesteads can often result in a lower price point than purchasing from a retailer or online company.
How do I cook a small or heritage turkey, and what are some tips for achieving the best flavor?
Cooking a small or heritage turkey requires some special considerations due to their unique characteristics. One of the most important things to keep in mind is to cook the turkey low and slow, as high heat can cause the meat to dry out. A good rule of thumb is to cook the turkey at 325°F (160°C) for about 20 minutes per pound. It’s also important to baste the turkey frequently to keep it moist and promote even browning.
Some other tips for achieving the best flavor include using aromatics like onions, carrots, and celery to add depth and complexity to the turkey. Rubbing the turkey with a mixture of herbs and spices can also enhance the flavor. Additionally, letting the turkey rest for at least 30 minutes before carving can help the juices to redistribute, resulting in a more tender and flavorful product. Finally, using a meat thermometer to ensure the turkey is cooked to a safe internal temperature of 165°F (74°C) is crucial for food safety.
Can I raise my own small or heritage turkeys, and what are the requirements?
Raising your own small or heritage turkeys can be a fun and rewarding experience, but it does require some special considerations. First and foremost, you’ll need to check with your local government to see if there are any regulations or ordinances governing backyard poultry production in your area. You’ll also need to ensure that you have enough space to accommodate the turkeys, as they require room to roam and exercise.
In terms of specific requirements, turkeys need a safe and secure enclosure to protect them from predators, as well as access to fresh water, food, and shelter. They also require regular health checks and vaccinations to prevent disease. Additionally, you’ll need to consider the noise level and potential disruption to your neighbors, as turkeys can be quite vocal. Finally, you’ll need to be prepared to process the turkeys humanely and safely, either by doing it yourself or taking them to a licensed processor.
What are some common health issues in small or heritage turkeys, and how can I prevent them?
Small and heritage turkeys are generally hardy and disease-resistant, but like all poultry, they can be susceptible to certain health issues. Some common health issues in small and heritage turkeys include respiratory problems, such as bronchitis and pneumonia, as well as intestinal issues, such as coccidiosis and worms. To prevent these issues, it’s essential to provide a clean and safe environment, including a well-ventilated coop and access to fresh water and food.
Regular health checks and vaccinations can also help prevent disease. Additionally, providing a balanced and nutritious diet that includes a mix of grains, proteins, and vitamins can help keep the turkeys healthy and thriving. It’s also essential to monitor the turkeys’ behavior and watch for signs of illness, such as lethargy, loss of appetite, or changes in droppings. Finally, keeping accurate records of the turkeys’ health and vaccinations can help you identify potential issues early on and take corrective action.
Can I use small or heritage turkeys for egg production, and what are their egg-laying characteristics?
While small and heritage turkeys are not typically raised for egg production, some breeds are more prolific layers than others. The Midget White, for example, is known to lay around 100-120 eggs per year, while the Narragansett lays around 80-100 eggs per year. The eggs are often smaller than those laid by commercial breeds, but they are prized for their rich, creamy yolks and firm whites.
It’s worth noting that heritage breeds are often more seasonal in their egg-laying, with production slowing down or stopping altogether during the winter months. This is because they are more sensitive to daylight hours and temperature fluctuations than commercial breeds. However, for small farms or homesteads looking to produce eggs on a small scale, heritage breeds can be a great choice due to their hardiness, foraging ability, and rich, complex eggs.